Synapse:

A synapse is the junction between two neurons (or between a neuron and a target cell, such as a muscle or gland) where communication occurs. At the synapse, an electrical signal from a presynaptic neuron is converted into a chemical signal via the release of neurotransmitters, which cross the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell, continuing the transmission of the signal.

Ganglia:

Ganglia (singular: ganglion) are clusters of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system (CNS). In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), ganglia serve as relay points where nerve signals can be modulated before being transmitted to their target tissues or organs. They play important roles in both sensory and motor pathways.